That's a great question.
We refine and process quite a bit of minerals, and a lot of this was started during World War I and World War II when we developed these capabilities. I think of the Trail refining complex that Teck uses in B.C.; Vale's refining complex in Sudbury, mostly built on nickel; the aluminum-refining process that Rio Tinto does in Quebec; and what Vale does in Labrador. We have several pockets of globally competitive, globally important refining.
On processing uranium, obviously that's the one where I think there's a single risk of failure. Some of the fabrication and conversion facilities we have in Ontario that serve the entire continent.... We certainly have the research and manufacturing capacity.
Again, the missing piece is that we are becoming increasingly economically uncompetitive with China. China does have cheaper energy, cheaper labour, lower environmental standards, and scale within its own country. Canada will mostly always be exporting these goods. We're only 40 million people, and our manufacturing base is relatively small. China can scale at a rate that Canada can't compete with. We can only compete in conjunction with the United States.
Certainly, we can and should increase, but in some cases, we will need cheaper electricity and more flexible environmental standards to make us competitive in global markets.
