In terms of tracking the movement of material, yes, there's a number of techniques. There are active tracking techniques, where people will attach radiation detection devices typically connected to secure wireless networks that will allow you to trace a shipment of material and ensure that the full quantity of material moves from point A to point B without anything going missing.
There are also different techniques involved in what's called nuclear forensics. Even after nuclear material has been removed, for example, it can leave behind non-radioactive indicators that this material was previously present. In other words, the ionizing radiation can change some of the material properties in the environment, even after the material has left the area. There are some techniques being developed now that can detect those small changes and thereby trace the path of nuclear material.