The details would be in our workforce study, done here at McMaster, and in a comparable study done by the Canadian Nuclear Association. In general, today's nuclear sector employs about 50,000 to 80,000 people, depending on which parts of the supply chain you credit. Doubling nuclear capacity will almost double those numbers. We're looking at growth of about 50,000 to 100,000 new workers across Canada.
Many are in the skilled trades. If you wanted a rough number, approximately 70% are in trades and skilled trades. That area gets a lot of attention because it amounts to a very large number of new people, and you can couple that with growth in mining, oil and gas and so on. Also, it's really the same skill sets. The pipefitters and welders.... These kinds of hard-core skilled trades are really going to be an area where Canada needs to pay attention.
However, 30% will be the engineers, scientists and subject matter experts who require a university degree or even advanced degrees, Ph.D. degrees. In these areas, the training time frame is much longer. It takes longer to generate a Ph.D. or a subject matter expert. It's important to start that skill-up today to be ready for five or 10 years from now, because generating new experts takes a long time.