On your first question in terms of impact, mental health professionals will tell you that people in general have positive illusions or outlooks on life. When you see a violent crime happen to someone, you have a tendency to rationalize and say, “It can't happen to me because I don't engage in high-risk behaviour.”
People who are victimized sometimes have what they call “shattered illusions”. The impact on their trust in people and the emotional impact are far-reaching. I'm speaking from a policeman's point of view, so I'm no expert in this--it's above my pay grid--but I've seen it many times. Most of my service has been in major crime investigations in the major crime world. So anecdotally, from experience, I can say that it impacts some of them throughout their lives.