If I take your question, particularly around the foreign cyber-operations, active cyber-operations, and defensive cyber-operations, I'll say that it's very clear in the legislation. There are two pieces that I would draw folks' attention to. One is the strict approval processes that would need to be put in place. Active cyber-operations would require the approval of both the Minister of National Defence and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, given that these are operations that would be happening outside of Canada, not in Canada, so there would be Foreign Affairs implications or considerations as well. That's on the approvals side.
Also, in terms of the limitations, there are very clear limitations as to what an active or a defensive cyber-operation could entail. CSE would be prohibited, for example, from directing its active cyber-operations at Canadians, at any person in Canada, or at the global information infrastructure. It would have to be sure that it is not causing death or bodily harm, or wilfully obstructing justice or democracy. There would be significant, serious, senior-level approvals in addition to very clear limitations on what those activities could be.