It's reasonable grounds to suspect. There are all sorts of provisions in the code. There are all sorts of law enforcement tools, like the use of sniffer dogs—that is reasonable grounds to suspect. The courts are consistent that “reasonable grounds to suspect” is a criminal standard that has been around forever. It is lawful authority, and it is in those situations that the search is.... In comparison to your general production order or your search warrant to your home, which requires “reasonable probable grounds”, “reasonable grounds to suspect” is for more narrow, targeted searches.
You'll remember that “reasonable grounds to suspect” is also built into the tool itself. This means that, in reasonable probable grounds, there will be evidence of a commission of offence, so you are looking at building a case with an evidentiary perspective; however, in reasonable grounds to suspect, it is at the beginning of an investigation in which, in this case, for these tools, it's about obtaining information, not evidence at all. Again, they are tailored, narrow, small, judicially authorized safeguards of judicial review.
The “reasonable grounds to suspect” standard was chosen, and we do not think that it violates the charter, or we wouldn't have put it forward.
