Just building on that, brain drain is a real phenomenon. It's deeply troubling for me at a time of mass misinformation, when people are spewing information not based on science at all.
In a previous meeting, Professor Andrade with the Canadian Black Scientists Network told the committee about the international models for funding scholarships and bursary values for graduate and post-doctoral researchers, including Norway's system of standardization based on level and years of experience.
This question is for both of you. What international models for funding graduate students and post-doctoral fellows should Canada take inspiration from? Perhaps you could give one each.