I think what's really important is to recognize the uniqueness of Canada. Canada is a federation; there are roles for the federal government and there are roles for each of the jurisdictions. We have to acknowledge that and work with all levels of government, because everyone has a really important role to play.
In this instance, the federal government has an important coordination role to play to ensure drug supply and to ensure that there is a list of the most pressing resistant bugs that would be the target for the next list of antibiotics that we need to bring into the country, but between the regulator—Health Canada—and the jurisdictions, there are actually multiple organizations that have played various roles and added significant red tape, which leads to that two-and-a-half-year period after Health Canada approval.
There is Canada's Drug Agency, which doesn't really recognize the value of innovation as much as other jurisdictions. We then have the pan-Canadian Pharmaceutical Alliance, which negotiates pricing on behalf of the provinces—pricing that provinces may or may not accept—and then industry negotiates again with the provinces. There are all of these different steps.
There's a way we need to find in Canada to tackle the fragmentation. In the industry, we are at the ready to work with the federal government and the provincial governments to tackle that, because it's just not sustainable with everything that goes on geopolitically, particularly in disease areas, where every hour counts.
