Mr. Speaker, I rise to speak to the bill at third reading, as I have risen to speak to it when it was introduced, as I have spoken to it in committee, as I have spoken to it at second reading and as I voted tonight on the amendments put forward by our party and by the Bloc.
I listened to the minister's words this evening. He approached the debate with a respectful tone. I think I should tell him that I know this has been a difficult process for him. It has not been an easy battle for any of us who have had to fight it.
There are some things however that need to be said and some items that need to be clarified with respect to the minister's statement.
First, he did come to Cape Breton in January 1999. Prior to his arrival, I wrote to him, the member for Bras d'Or—Cape Breton wrote to him, and the provincial MLA for Cape Breton—The Lakes and the current MLA for Cape Breton Centre, Frank Corbett, wrote a joint letter on, I think, December 31 outlining that we understood that the government was moving in a direction. There had been rumours of that and documents that subsequently indicated that this plan had been in place for some time. We wrote indicating we understood the complexity of this. I remember the letter because we said that the pension plans in particular had to be looked at carefully because the current formula would not be fair.
The government announced a package in January. I will not go through the history. I have spoken to this bill many times. I have spoken to it passionately, as the minister has acknowledged. However, the package that was announced in January was never changed.
The minister indicated that in January of this year the unions requested a joint planning committee. Indeed there was an illegal strike. The miners went into the mine and held up production. There was a question as to whether or not Nova Scotia Power would be able to provide continued power to Nova Scotians.
Only then did the government agree to the process that resulted in binding arbitration. That arbitrator's award subsequently said that the miners and the employees of the Cape Breton Development Corporation were shortchanged with the government's offer. They were entitled to more money and a different package. I think it is important to clarify that.
There are unanswered questions. This is unfinished business. The member from the Canadian Alliance referred to the question of the Donkin mine. Whether or not that mine will be subject to a sale remains unclear.
I heard today from people in my community and from miners who have lined up outside the general mining building requesting their severance package. They were told that they would not be eligible for a severance package because they would be in the workforce when the new owner took possession of the assets.
The member for Bras d'Or—Cape Breton and I attended the meeting with Nesbitt Burns held in the community and said that the men had been told they would get either a pension or a severance package or employment. We asked how they could guarantee employment.
There is still unfinished business. These men do not know if they qualify for a severance package, simply by virtue of the fact that they work for the corporation, or whether they have to hope there will be a job with the new company.
Other issues need explanation. In the middle of the provincial election campaign the Prime Minister of the country wrote to a woman in Glace Bay, Edna Budden, in a letter that she made public. This was in July and he said that she should not worry, that the government would review the package. He was confident that it would be improved.
That letter needs to be explained. It needs to be explained by the Prime Minister. It needs to be explained as to why it was sent and why the government only improved the package when it was forced to by an arbitrator. Those are unfinished pieces of business, which I suppose will be the job of historians to explain.
I feel tonight a bit the way I used to feel when I practised family law. Spouses would come to see me after a long marriage and say that they did not know what happened but the other parties were not interested any more.
A covenant was made in the Chamber 33 years ago, almost to the day, in June 1967. The then Liberal government made a covenant with the people of Nova Scotia and the people of Cape Breton, in particular through the Cape Breton Development Corporation, recognizing that the economy of Cape Breton had to be diversified.
These are not just my words. Let me read from an editorial in my community's newspaper this morning. It is entitled “The covenant is nearly at an end”. It talks about Bill C-11 and whether or not it will get through the Senate. It says:
Yet the Senate, that chamber of second sober thought, is perhaps the best place to debate the passing of the historic relationship between Ottawa and Cape Breton that has flowed in large part from the 1967 Devco act.
The arbitrator referred to the act and the historic covenant in his report. He quoted Jean-Luc Pepin. Ironically he quoted the New Democratic Party MP at that time for York South and a Conservative member. It is surprising that the Conservative Party voted in favour of this bill. Senator Bob Muir, who at that time was a member of parliament representing the mining community, and the New Democrats wanted the government to ensure employment for miners.
The government of the day said that it did not have to ensure that because of section 17 of the Devco act, which has already been referred to. I have referred to that section on numerous occasions and I do not want to use up my time saying what I have already said. It said that all reasonable measures to reduce as far as possible any unemployment or economic hardship that could be expected to result would be taken by the government.
After 33 years one of the parties to the accord, as in a marriage, came in and said it is tired of the covenant. They have been together through some tough times and some good times. Certainly the people of Cape Breton have supported the Liberals throughout those 33 years.
In 1995 or thereabouts the government began having second thoughts about the covenant. In 1999 it served notice. Like a divorce paper, the notice was delivered. The parties went to court through the arbitrator and an award was made. I have no question that the covenant will be broken tomorrow night when the House passes the bill and it goes to the Senate.
Those kinds of breakups are always hard because both parties have invested. The people of Cape Breton have invested heavily with faith in their government. The government has invested heavily in Cape Breton. I do not diminish that. Like the spouse who is tired, the government has said it is time for them to go their separate ways.
Unfortunately the people of Cape Breton are like the spouses that end up impoverished. They are the ones who end up without the house. The kids are gone. There is not money in the bank account. They are told to get by the best way they can. There is a $68 million alimony payment over five years to replace the $300 million in the economy.
I used to advise those spouses that they did have to get on, that there was no point in bitterness or that at the end of the day they would waste more time than they had already wasted. I refer to the same editorial where it says:
Section 17, which will be expunged from the amended act, sets out obligations to the workforce and the general economy in the event of coal industry downsizing or the closure—
Those words sound almost anachronistic in today's more Darwinian economic and political climate. Perhaps the words have become little more than empty marks on paper, but their official eraser from the law of the land should at least provide an occasion to pause and consider where Cape Breton goes from here.
I spent many hours on the floor of the House condemning the government for what it has done, but the editorial is right. We have to look at where we go. We are a tough people. We are proud people. We are people who will rise from this. We are a people who will move on. We are a people who will accept the challenge. I will offer to the government tonight some suggestions. I hope it listens because it challenged us from time to time to say what it should do.
The minister referred to the report tabled by the economic panel. The one thing I was waiting to hear, which nearly every group that presented before the panel talked about, was decentralization. We now accept that we are in a crisis. The government has walked away. I suggest the first thing the government should do is look at decentralizing some of the very wealthy departments that exist in this very wealthy city and move them to areas of high unemployment.
I had a motion in the House to that effect. The Standing Committee on Fisheries and Oceans has said that the department should be moved out of Ottawa to either coast. In an area of 50% unemployment it is time for the government to act on that recommendation.
There are other things the government could do. The Department of Citizenship and Immigration is currently in Cape Breton. It provides some spinoff economy. As has been referred to earlier, there is also a need for remediation work. The mines have to be remediated. That is a legal obligation on the part of the Cape Breton Development Corporation. The miners who are out of work or who will not qualify for pensions or benefits ought to be provided with an opportunity to remediate those mines. That will provide some lasting employment for those individuals and some training in that regard.
It has been mentioned that we have the Tar Ponds site. There is no better place in the country for a centre of environmental excellence than the island of Cape Breton. We are a beautiful island but we have environmental problems. I would ask the government to invest, if it is serious about its commitment, in the island of Cape Breton to create a centre of environmental excellence.
Other companies are looking at investing and growing the technology. Let us be clear that we have to clean up the environment or we simply will not have a world. There are sites around the world that need remediation. Cape Bretoners are hard workers. With the right training we could develop a technology that we could export around the world.
In the short term these would be most welcome announcements from the government: that it plans to decentralize, that it plans to set up a centre of environmental excellence and that is plans to remediate the mining sites. Indeed it has to remediate the Sydney Tar Ponds. All of these create jobs. All of these create knowledge. All of these create some wealth.
There is in my riding the Canadian Coast Guard College. It is a fact that there is currently in the law a requirement that everyone who ships oil on the ocean has to employ individuals who are trained in ocean cleanup. There may be one centre in the country where we can train people in that regard. The Canadian Coast Guard College on the ocean is a perfect place for the government to begin training individuals in ocean cleanup, in oil spills. That too could become a centre of environmental remediation for teaching individuals in that regard.
Cape Breton has a history of being an energy centre. I note that the Minister of Finance provided money in the budget this year for clean coal research and clean coal development. We have the miners. We have the coal. We have a history of providing energy. The government should invest and ensure that clean coal technology is developed in Cape Breton.
Cape Breton can also be a centre of sustainable energy development. In Europe, Denmark and Alberta wind power is seen as the energy source of the future. There are no greater winds than those that come off the north Atlantic. We could provide sustainable energy, not just for Nova Scotia but for much of the eastern seaboard.
Clean coal technology, wind power and environmental excellence would all provide opportunities. I have been asked to tour these plants. I am told that wind powered generator plants are like airplane manufacturing companies. There is all kinds of work for electricians, for the skills people in Cape Breton have developed working in the mines.
I spoke to the Minister of Natural Resources personally the other day. I commend him for finally appointing an arbitrator to help determine the dispute between Newfoundland and Nova Scotia in terms of who shares in the Laurentian offshore. There is a real opportunity, if we seize it and if the government assists us, to make a petroleum industry in Cape Breton. We should be the supply base for any kind of offshore development. The skills of the workforce of the Cape Breton Development Corporation would be best suited to do that kind of work. It is dangerous work we know, but we are up to the task. It requires training but we are intelligent. The sooner we can develop the Laurentian Basin, the sooner we can see some economic growth.
The minister mentioned high tech and the call centre. With the greatest respect, I was happy to see the announcement and I welcomed it but those 900 jobs would be considered in any other part of the country secondary income jobs. In terms of high tech, if what we can expect are call centre jobs, it is simply not enough.
There is the opportunity to develop tourism. This is my concern with section 17. Tourism has been touted as the windfall for Cape Breton Island. Yet it has been reported to me that ECBC, the economic development agency that the minister now says will take over what was once the role of Devco, has decided to go back to the basics of assisting manufacturing. It has cut the budget which assists tourism in Cape Breton considerably.
We have some concerns. Tourism is an area that we can develop but we cannot develop it without infrastructure money. There is no point in inviting people to Cape Breton if the roads they drive on around the Cabot Trail are full of potholes. There is no point in inviting people to come to Cape Breton if we do not have museums and cultural centres for them to visit.
I presented the government with a wonderful proposal from the aboriginal community in Cape Breton to create a centre of Mi'kmaq studies and history and culture. It would be built on the waterfront and would provide an opportunity to attract tourists.
Our cultural industry is second to none. We could develop what Silver Donald Cameron, a well-known writer from Cape Breton, calls Banff east. It would be my hope that some day that could grow to where we would refer to Banff as Cape Breton west.
We have produced some of the country's best writers in literature. Alister MacLeod has two books on the best seller list. He is considered a master craftsman. Out of Cape Breton have come some wonderful writers. Ann-Marie MacDonald's book has been quoted. There are many. Bryden MacDonald and Audrey Butler have been nominated for the Governor General's Award.
There are opportunities for Cape Breton. I will work very hard and I know the people of Cape Breton will work very hard to see an economic future for ourselves, for our children and for our grandchildren. We will do that with some mistrust of government. We will do that, although we are prepared to work with government, with some bruising. We will do that with some mistrust because a covenant has been broken. When it was broken we were left, in the vernacular, with the short end of the stick.
We are tough enough to rise to the challenge. We will rise to it. We will build an economic future, but the Government of Canada should be very reluctant the next time it reaches out to look for support from us, because we have given. We have given in two world wars, we have given in depressions, we have given to charities, we have given every time the nation has asked. We have given. Today we find the nation through the Government of Canada telling us it is time to separate. It is a sad day but we will get on with it.