Health committee  Thank you. I think it's really important that we translate the data into policy and practice. How do we do that? We do that with having open partnerships with the people who are going to use the data. We develop the research questions at the very beginning with the community organizations, the decision-makers and the policy-makers, so that we're producing the questions that are relevant to those who need to use the data.

Health committee  That was a review paper we did in 2011. Since then, we've published many papers in the area. We focused on the children within their environments, because protective factors can come at many levels. We also focused on things we can change. What is something we can change? At the individual level, it's important for children to feel they can be optimistic, in control and positive about their future—to have a plan.

Health committee  Any time children are at risk, we need to protect them. I would always support any time we think that children are at risk, whether it's any organization at all. We need to protect them.

Health committee  There's a lot of research that has been done in looking at how stress has an impact on the body and whether or not.... Some stress in certain situations is adaptive, healthy and good, but the thing is that we need to.... For some children, they experience chronic stress. They don't get relief from it.

Health committee  I understand how violence in video games can very commonly be accessed by children and that many children do play those games, whether it be in isolation or online with their friends. These can be very graphic and real in certain cases. Whether or not one is worse than the other in terms of watching hockey versus video games, we don't know.

Health committee  I think we need a multi-faceted approach. That could be a universal approach to explaining what is and isn't appropriate. Connecting families to resources that support them would be great. Repealing section 43 is one part of that. There are many things that we need to do. Education is one of those things.

Health committee  Is that in terms of the social media content that they see generally or in terms of bullying via social media? I just want to clarify that.

Health committee  Yes. There's research on content that they see that has an impact on self-image, which is not my research. There's research showing increases in anxiety and depression related to content that they see on social media. The work that we've done in my lab is looking at how social media is related to peer victimization and bullying.

Health committee  Very briefly, I agree. It is assault on the ice in some cases, and it affects all people who watch hockey. I hate it as well. I wish that could be changed, but I guess that's up to the NHL and the NHL Players' Association at this point. I completely agree. It's still assault on the ice, and it's violence that we shouldn't be watching.

Health committee  I've done work in that exact area, looking at what protective factors might be related, for those who have experienced trauma and adversity, to better mental health and substance use outcomes. We look at protective factors at the individual level, school, family and community as well.

Health committee  Absolutely, it would save you more money. The cost of not doing this in the long term will have impacts on education. People will not finish their education. They'll not be able to get jobs. There are justice costs, child protection costs, and down the road there will be more mental and physical health costs to the health care system.

Health committee  I think we need to be careful with universal screening and not just implement it for a variety of things unless there's a proven reason that we should. First of all, screening needs to be done if we can adequately identify what the problem is. Then, most importantly, if we're screening children, then we are obligated to connect those children who screened positive, for whatever it was, to services.

Health committee  Absolutely, we need to do that.

Health committee  I can speak to that. It depends on what outcome you're looking at. For some children, the home environment they were captured in, for lack of a better phrase, may have improved. They may have received one-on-one, undivided attention from their parents, who were able to stay home and take care of their needs.

Health committee  Yes. With that, we need to integrate our services. We can't be working in silos. I think that's really important. It's important across things like child protection and health. We need to have integrated services for sure. That's our best efforts. We need to continue to talk about mental health and reduce the stigma, but we also need to have those conversations early on with children.