Often these things are discussed in a frame of risk. You think of automation or AI displacing jobs that are susceptible to that, jobs that are repetitive. It goes from manufacturing-type jobs to service-type jobs, such as in the financial sector. I was on the phone with an AI yesterday, trying to get something sorting out, and it was all sorted out. That's phase one that we hear about. The other side of it is the jobs being created by those people who are creating those things and jobs maintaining those things. If you put an automated machine in a factory, somebody makes sure it's working properly and so on.
The third thing that I think is helpful to bear in mind is that each of those major innovations in society generates incomes that we didn't have before. They kind of come out of thin air. Those incomes are spent everywhere in the economy. We create jobs in all the other nooks and crannies of the economy too. That is often forgotten when people discuss these things.
In what we call a general equilibrium, history has shown that we always benefit from technological progress. It's never a negative. We always create more jobs than get displaced. Of course, it doesn't mean that there aren't hard adjustments for people. We always need to be cognizant of that and make sure we have the right kinds of programs to help them transition.