Maybe we can both answer it briefly.
I think a lot of microfinance organizations in their early stages get money from donations from wealthy people in their own countries or overseas. Over time, because there's a limited pool of donated capital, that shifts to borrowing money from commercial banks. They may have a lot of liquidity, but they have no distribution mechanism into the rural areas and no knowledge of that market, so the Grameen Foundation put together a loan guarantee program that has facilitated more than $200 million worth of lending from local banks to microfinance organizations to ease that process.
The final piece--and Fonkoze is a shining example--is developing deposit-taking capabilities so that an MFI can be not only a lender but can also intermediate savings from the community. We've put together an amazing partnership with ICICI Bank, the largest private bank in India, with a leading microfinance group that collects savings as an agent for that bank, because they're not legally allowed to do it themselves.
That's a great private sector partnership model, but it also took philanthropic support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to set it up to work, meaning to develop the technology and partnerships that would allow that to unfold. Right now there are 5,000 new savers being brought in by this organization in India every month.