The member is correct in highlighting that the U.S. Navy uses the terminology “freedom of navigation operations”, FONOPs, for some of its operations in the Indo-Pacific and elsewhere in the world. Those are based on sort of challenging baselines and challenging territorial claims but also on prior notifications.
The Canadian navy's operations, as General Morehen mentioned, are all always under international law and UNCLOS. We do not conduct FONOPs per se. The only instance where we will push back against another country is on the prior notification for transits, but we do not conduct FONOPs, as in the case of the U.S. Navy.
