Okay. In that answer you've done a lot of work with the words “to conceal identity”, and I note that. It shows that those words could be very helpful. Thank you.
With respect to a peaceful demonstration context, Mr. Goguen, I think, did very well to remind us how the police, as witnesses have emphasized, view their role as being to enhance constitutional rights to peaceful assembly, especially to protect the space for those who want to demonstrate peacefully. I've mentioned this before. Even the example of families wanting to know they can demonstrate safely was brought up by one witness.
In that context, I don't think there's any issue around certain kinds of masking, right? Lots of examples have been given about how people wear masks for expressive reasons. But I want to ask you about the reason for anonymity and how that might interact with concealing identity. If somebody—a member of a diaspora, for example—wears a mask because they fear that a foreign state may have photographers on the side of a demonstration; or others for justified or unjustified reasons, worry that our own state services may on occasion photograph peaceful demonstrations and they therefore want to be anonymous; or somebody thinks that certain employers may scan video of demonstrations to see whether any of their own employees might have been participating, these are all reasons for anonymity.
In the middle of a peaceful demonstration nobody has any issue with that. Does there come a point—again, you've indicated the predicate clause of “after committing an offence”—when you are involved in an unlawful assembly or riot that the anonymity reason is no longer a lawful excuse, so if you're caught in the middle of something you would then have to take off your mask, if your reason for wearing the mask is to be anonymous?