I understand the question.
I think, as Ms. Burt has said, there is a fairly robust body of jurisprudence on gross disproportionality. We know it's a high threshold. We know it's not something that is routinely meant to be bound to exist. The courts have talked about it as being something that outrages society's sense of decency that the punishment in a particular case would be so excessive.
However, I think you are correct, Mr. Caputo, in the sense that what those concepts mean continues to be informed by judicial interpretation and guided by stare decisis.