I think there are two separate questions there, but I can address them. I think that part of it is answering the question you had asked Ms. Moon about whether we can live in a world absent of nuclear weapons and how that links to NATO.
I think, in particular, the U.S. declaration of the development of a new generation of nuclear weapons that are dial adjustable—in other words, are more usable, in that yields can be adjusted—sends a very poor message to the rest of the world, in the sense that these weapons can now be used in a contained manner.
Similarly, my earlier statement about the fact that weapons can be designed to maximize the electromagnetic pulse means that small powers that may aspire to create a very limited nuclear capability suddenly have an incentive to do so because it would allow them to hold much larger countries at risk. The issue is not mass destruction of society, but the mass effects that can be generated through the use of these weapons.
Moreover, if you link the two things, the ability to use sub-yield nuclear weapons to take out limited nuclear capabilities means that the whole thought and architecture of nuclear exchange has become something other than this escalation ladder that we had with MAD. How does this relate to social media? I think part of the problem is that we're now living through a “Jerry Springerization” of politics, with the highly dangerous ability to seize the moment and to be able to drive political agendas around through Twitter.
Politics by Twitter means that you don't have the mechanisms to be able to engage and deal with escalation ladders in a reasonable manner. This comes back to my opening statement. We can confront peer countries that we feel we have a difference with, over things like territorial integrity or international adventurism. However, as we are doing this, we need to have mechanisms to be able to engage in confidence-building measures in areas where we have shared security interests, like the digital economy, existential matters, etc.—these things that we need. Make sure that first, we have a game plan when we escalate and, second, always talk even when you're fighting.
Thank you.