Yes, there are a lot of successes, particularly in Ontario and Quebec, where largely unionized employers have moved a great distance toward pay equity.
I would characterize proxy as somewhat less successful in Ontario, in part because of the mathematical formula. For example, there are some people for whom it will take 30 years to achieve pay equity, and I don't think that's reasonable.
It was an enormous success to get all of those parapublic organizations—if I could use the Quebec expression—covered by pay equity. That was a great success. The difficulty has been in making sure that people actually end up with good pay-equity settlements. There are many successes in terms of reforming job evaluation, many successes.
I think, by the way, that those models should give us all confidence that proactive legislation in the federal sphere can work. It has worked elsewhere. I think it can work very well in the federal jurisdiction.