Mr. Speaker, I rise this afternoon to speak to Bill C-15, the budget implementation bill. We have spent a lot of time this fall talking about the budget. We waited over a year and a half for it, and it was finally tabled.
If we look at the nature of Bill C-15, it is an omnibus bill nearly 650 pages long. Columnist Pierre-Yves McSween likened it to a work of great literature or a sweeping novel, because it is so thick. This bill contains 80 legislative measures, and it amends or creates close to 49 laws. It addresses almost none of the Bloc Québécois's priorities and is a jumble of technical, fiscal and structural measures. There is a lot to unpack in it.
One of the reasons the Bloc Québécois opposed it is that it includes billions of dollars in new fossil fuel subsidies. It extends the investment tax credit for carbon capture, utilization and storage until 2041. Small nuclear power plants, which are used by the oil and gas industry, are now included in the tax credits. The word “greenwashing” comes to mind. Expenditures relating to liquefied natural gas conversion are also categorized as eligible expenditures. I will try to get back to the environmental issue later in my speech.
Even more worryingly, Bill C‑15 is simply a dangerous piece of legislation. Bill C‑15 is like Bill C-5 on steroids. It allows the minister to exempt any company from the application of any federal law, except the Criminal Code, for a period of three years that is, in practice, renewable. This measure would allow for any company to be placed above the law. It is a principle that we find very worrying. This is a power hidden in clause 208 of the bill.
For all these reasons, we have many concerns. However, I will be speaking about the budget more from the perspective of housing and assistance for people who really need help, which is not addressed anywhere in the budget. I will also highlight some additional measures. Lastly, I will speak about media and culture. We will come back to this.
Let us start with Build Canada Homes, an empty shell of an agency with a budget of $11.5 billion but no detailed program. There is no guarantee regarding Quebec's share, which is causing worry for a lot of housing stakeholders. How much will Quebec get? People are asking me that question, because in the riding of Shefford, social and community housing is a major issue. Granby had one of the lowest vacancy rates for a long time, and the needs are still significant.
I commend the efforts of the municipality, which is tackling the problem head-on and is working very hard, but the federal government is also going to have to do its part. There is no distribution plan, no criteria and no allocation mechanisms for Build Canada Homes.
Here is another request from the Bloc Québécois that was not addressed. Aside from housing, we wanted first-time homebuyers to be able to access interest-free loans to help them with their down payments. Young people who want to buy their first home need that assistance. The Bloc Québécois asked for this ahead of the budget.
With regard to Build Canada Homes, seniors are also wondering how many social and community housing units will be allocated to meet the needs of seniors who are currently losing their homes. As the Bloc Québécois critic for seniors, I have been hearing from people about this.
According to the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 620,000 homes will need to be built in Quebec by 2030. Federal assistance has accounted for only 14% of housing funding in Quebec since 2018. Rents increased by an average of more than 7% in Quebec in 2024, while in Montreal, they increased by more than 18% for new tenants.
The budget did not renew and make permanent the rapid housing initiative, which in Quebec takes the form of a transfer intended for social and community housing. The Bloc Québécois had asked for this initiative to be renewed and made permanent. It is the only thing that was working well. We asked for this, but it is not in the budget, and that is a bit of a shame.
In terms of infrastructure, our local municipalities are asking for more resources to respond to new challenges, given the needs around climate adaptation and water supply. Recently, a local mayor was telling me about his municipality's water needs. He said he had managed to get some funding from the Quebec government, but the federal government had not chipped in.
The Bloc Québécois asked the government to create a new unconditional infrastructure transfer program for Quebec and the other provinces using a block funding approach. This does not appear in the budget.
With regard to seniors, there is no increase in old age security for seniors aged 65 to 74. However, according to the Hunger Count reports and SOS Dépannage in Granby, whose food drive kick-off I attended, the number of retirees and seniors needing food assistance is steadily rising. Despite these needs, there is still no additional help for those aged 65 to 74, who continue to be completely left out and who still do not have access to the 10% increase for those 75 and over. This inequity is creating a gap and leading to two classes of seniors. It is extremely concerning. Food bank workers, such as the worker in Montreal who recently talked to Radio-Canada, also recommend increasing old age security starting at age 65 in order to relieve the pressure on food banks. We all know that poverty and illness do not wait for people to turn 75 before they strike.
In the area of health, we still do not have the unconditional Canada health transfer top-up of $11.6 billion over five years that the Bloc Québécois had requested, and yet the need only continues to grow. The government is patting itself on the back for committing funding for hospitals in the last budget, but there is no guarantee that there will be sufficient health transfers to ensure good working conditions for the health care workers who would staff those hospitals. These unconditional health transfers are important, and they are something that Quebec and the other provinces are asking for.
Secondly, there are a few additional measures we can highlight that are not too bad, such as the elimination of the luxury tax on aircraft and ships. This will restart a stalled market. I was hearing from the people at BRP back home about this. The budget also introduces a personal support worker tax credit of up to $1,100. It expands critical mineral development, so there could be some significant opportunities for Quebec. There is a 15% clean electricity investment tax credit and a legislative framework for stablecoins. These are measures that are also found in the budget. I could also mention the high-speed rail project. The Bloc Québécois supports this concept, but we do have some concerns, because Ottawa is invoking its declaratory power to impose exclusive federal jurisdiction on a project that would normally fall under Quebec's jurisdiction.
Municipalities back home are also worried and are wondering what the federal government's vision is in terms of supporting their public transit plans and developing public transportation across Quebec. They get the impression that the federal government has given up on this altogether, even though public transportation is critical for fighting climate change and reducing our GHG emissions.
Third, I would like to address the impact of this budget on the media crisis. The budget permanently scraps the digital services tax, and yet this 3% tax would have generated $7.2 billion over five years. That is a major loss when it comes to funding media, arts and culture. No measures have been proposed to give electronic media the same tax credit as print media. Ultimately, the government is completely giving in to pressure from Trump's U.S. administration, which is imposing tariffs on countries that tax web giants. This is a step back for Ottawa, when several European countries have resisted. By abandoning this tax, Ottawa is losing a major lever in the trade negotiations.
There is no question about the vital importance of journalism, especially in a world where fake news is on the rise and generative AI is amplifying disinformation. However, the government is taking away essential tools for funding newsrooms. I am thinking of Cogeco Media and the TVA station in Sherbrooke, which are very worried following the losses they have suffered. It is extremely concerning. Since 2008, 469 local media outlets have closed in Canada, and more than 50% of them were in Quebec. Today, one Canadian in three lives in a community that is at risk of becoming a media desert. At the same time, Meta raked in $192 billion in profits in 2024 while paying almost no tax in Canada. TVA has announced 547 layoffs since 2023, and 34 local radio and television stations may close by 2026. The web giants pay an effective tax rate of about 4% in Canada, compared to 26% for SMEs. According to the OECD, Canada was one of the top 10 countries for digital tax revenue losses in 2023. The 3% tax that was recently repealed would have brought in $1.4 billion per year for Quebec, prorated for its demographic weight. Just imagine what we could have done with that money to support diversity in private, community and cultural media.
In closing, I will say a quick word about the environment. Since 2019, Ottawa has provided more than $18 billion in direct and indirect subsidies to fossil fuels. According to Environment Canada, the Ottawa-funded carbon capture project captures only 1% of oil companies' current emissions. Billions of dollars in public funds are being invested in the Pathways Plus project, which is a carbon sequestration project for oil and gas companies.
As for liquefied natural gas, its climate impact is 20% to 30% higher than reported when methane leaks are taken into account. Then there is the government's failure to reimburse, with no strings attached, the $814 million owed to Quebeckers who were excluded from the carbon tax rebate. There is even a new pipeline project that was announced today at the expense of first nations communities and British Columbia. What will happen in Quebec? Let us not forget that Canada even received the fossil of the day award at the most recent COP. This is extremely worrying.
One last thing—